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    Accueil » LIVRES BLANCS, OPEN SOURCE, TELECHARGEMENTS

    Les modèles économiques du logiciel libre

    Rédigé par Philippe Gammaire

    10 novembre 2008 7 033 views 2 commentaires

    Deux symboles du Libre: Linux (à g.) et GNU

    Pour bien démarrer la semaine, voici deux livres blancs indispensables (en téléchargement ici) pour mieux connaître les enjeux du Logiciel Libre et de l’Open-Source :

    • 1) Les modèles économiques du Logiciel libre, publié par l’association « April »
    • 2) La révolution Open-Source

    Pourquoi ce Focus pour ce qui relève de la technologie pure et non de l’éditorial (coeur de métier d’Universmedias). Tout simplement, parce que très souvent mes stagiaires (particulièrement ceux de la formation « Conception éditoriale ») m’interrogent – à juste titre – sur les technologies à mettre en oeuvre pour publier un site web.

    J’évoque avec eux les conceptions « propriétaires » et « Libre », la philosophie de chacun : code fermé pour les uns, ouvert pour les autres; transfert de la valeur (de la licence au service); avantages et inconvénients… J’admet être un fervent supporter de la philosophie du logiciel libre qui, à titre personnel, m’a permis de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement des systèmes d’information.

    J’ai donc eu l’idée de rassembler ce qui est épars sur la Toile; donner quelques pistes à suivre pour comprendre le Libre.

    Quelques remarques :

    Richard Stallman, le gourou du Libre

    Richard Stallman, le gourou du Libre

    Le Logiciel libre est un mouvement social. J’ajouterais même libertaire. Pour les adeptes de ce mouvement, le logiciel libre est un impératif éthique, parce que seul le logiciel libre respecte la liberté de l’utilisateur. C’est une question de liberté, pas de prix. Ces libertés sont d’une importance vitale. Elles sont essentielles, pas juste pour les enjeux individuels des utilisateurs, mais parce qu’elles promeuvent la solidarité sociale, que sont le partage et la coopération (…).

    L’« open source » est une méthodologie de développement. La philosophie de l’« open source » considère uniquement les questions pratiques en termes de performance.

    Pratiquement tous les logiciels « open source » sont des logiciels libres

    (A lire: Pourquoi l’open-source passe à côté du problème… »)

    • L’ennemi du Libre n’est pas l’Open-source mais le logiciel Propriétaire
    • Linux (30% des systèmes d’exploitation du marché), les serveurs Apache, les bases de données MySQL, le langage de script PHP, Perl et Python sont des logiciels Libre (systèmes LAMP).

    Le Logiciel Libre couvre tous les types de logiciels :

    1. outils système (système d’exploitation, pilotes de matériel)
    2. programmation (C, Java, Ada, Python…)
    3. logiciels d’infrastructure (serveurs web, serveurs de messagerie,  bases de données)
    4. logiciels de sécurité (sécurité réseau,  système et  applicative),
    5. outils bureautiques (OpenOffice.org, Firefox…)

    EN SAVOIR PLUS

    Pour trouver des catalogues approfondis énumérant l’offre disponible en logiciels libres, il est possible de
    consulter sur Internet des sites tels que:

    TELECHARGEZ:

    Contacter l'auteur

    Mots-clés : .
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    2 commentaires »

    • MathieuCoste dit :

      Hello philippe,

      Merci de participer à la meilleure compréhension globale du phénomène « libre ». Les questions de modèle économique des logiciels libre fait partie de la problématique de l’économie des communs. Après le code logiciel, les oeuvres artistiques et la connaissance sont maintenant en train de construire des modèles économiques différents. C’est un peu le fondement de l’exploration actuelle autours du modèle économique et du modèle de communauté des Explorateurs du Web. A mes yeux, la notion de communs et de coopétition sont fondamentales au développement d’une économie des communs socio-performante.

      Content de te voir intéressé par ces notions. Nous avons besoin de monde pour tenter l’expérimentation de notre « modèle de communauté » ;)

      bonne journée :)

    • Phil (author) dit :

      Bonjour Mathieu,
      étant naturellement curieux je m’intéresse au phénomène Libre depuis plusieurs années, en tant qu’utilisateur. Mais j’avoue que je n’avais jamais fait le distingo « Libre » vs « Open-source ».
      Pour moi c’était la même chose, alors que le Libre véhicule une dimension sociale de partage.
      Effectivement, celà correspond bien au modèle des Explorateurs du web :-)

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